Starch‑based adhesive is a natural, water‑based adhesive made primarily from plant starches such as corn, wheat, or potato, which are chemically or physically modified to improve bonding performance. It is widely used in applications where cost‑effectiveness, recyclability, and environmental sustainability are important. Common uses include paper and packaging products such as corrugated board, paper bags, envelopes, labels, and cartons, as well as in textile sizing and some woodworking applications. Starch‑based adhesives offer good adhesion to porous materials, are biodegradable and non‑toxic, and are especially valued in the packaging industry for their compatibility with recycling processes and food‑contact applications.